Aquaculture

Hawai'i Island’s aquaculture industry plays a growing role in the agricultural economy, producing marine and freshwater species such as shrimp, oysters, tilapia, and algae. Benefiting from the island’s access to high-quality seawater and warm tropical climate, aquaculture operations vary from small-scale farms to large commercial ventures. According to the 2022 USDA NASS Agricultural Census, the sector has seen steady growth, with increasing investments in sustainable farming technologies.

The aquaculture value chain involves hatcheries, grow-out facilities, and processing plants. Products are sold fresh or frozen to local markets, restaurants, and export markets, particularly in Asia and the mainland U.S. Some producers focus on high-end niche markets, emphasizing sustainability and premium seafood quality.

Challenges include regulatory hurdles, infrastructure costs, and competition from imported seafood. Developing improved feed options and expanding local processing capacity could help strengthen the sector.